N A O D E C S C E N T C O N T R O L L E R Electronics Schematic · Rev 1.0 · 2026-05-14 12V PSU → 4× WLED-driven ultrasonic atomizers (113 kHz piezo) via ESP32-S3-Relay-6CH 12V 5V GND CH1 (GPIO1) CH2 (GPIO2) CH3 (GPIO41) CH4 (GPIO42) RED=18AWG trunk · 2.5w=22AWG · 2w=signal ⚠ PRE-SET BUCK Vout = 5.00 V (NO LOAD) BEFORE CONNECTING COM BUS · WLED Config → Hardware → Relay GPIO = −1 ⚠ PSU1 DC PSU 12 V 8.2 A · DIN rail (2–3 A would suffice) V+ V− F_MAIN 2A slow-blow F1 · 1A slow-blow → ESP F2 · 1.5A slow-blow → BUCK U2 BUCK 12V→5V ≥3 A · adjustable Pre-cal: 5.00 V VIN GND VOUT GND ANT1 · 2.4 GHz SMA u.FL → SMA pigtail ANT CH1 · GPIO1 NC COM NO CH2 · GPIO2 NC COM NO CH3 · GPIO41 NC COM NO CH4 · GPIO42 NC COM NO CH5 NC COM NO CH6 NC COM NO + − DC 7–36V A+ B− GND RS485 DO NOT CONNECT GND pin U1 · ESP32-S3-RELAY-6CH WAVESHARE · WLED FIRMWARE · 7–36 V VIN (12V) GND JUMPERS (COM CH1 – COM CH2 – COM CH3 – COM CH4) PSU+ ATZ1+ ATZ2+ ATZ3+ ATZ4+ RC1 100nF+100Ω F3 · T500mA A1 Atomizer Drv 5V · 400 mA · 113 kHz V+ OUT+ OUT− GND Z1 113 kHz piezo RC2 100nF+100Ω F4 · T500mA A2 Atomizer Drv 5V · 400 mA · 113 kHz V+ OUT+ OUT− GND Z2 113 kHz piezo RC3 100nF+100Ω F5 · T500mA A3 Atomizer Drv 5V · 400 mA · 113 kHz V+ OUT+ OUT− GND Z3 113 kHz piezo RC4 100nF+100Ω F6 · T500mA A4 Atomizer Drv 5V · 400 mA · 113 kHz V+ OUT+ OUT− GND Z4 113 kHz piezo ── COMMON GROUND BUS (STAR) ── ── +12V BUS ── ── +5V BUS ── BILL OF MATERIALS · 12 LINE ITEMS # QTY REF DESCRIPTION 1 1 U1 Waveshare ESP32-S3-Relay-6CH 2 1 ANT1 External 2.4 GHz SMA antenna, u.FL pigtail 3 4 A1–A4 5 VDC ultrasonic atomizer driver, 6–24 V 4 4 Z1–Z4 113 kHz piezo transducer, microporous disc 5 1 PSU1 DC industrial PSU, 12 V / 8.2 A, DIN rail 6 1 U2 DC-DC buck converter, 12 V→5 V, ≥3 A adjustable 7 4 RC1–RC4 RC snubber, 100 nF + 100 Ω (across COM–NO) 8 1 F_MAIN Inline fuse, 2 A slow-blow T2A, 5×20 mm 9 1 F1 Inline fuse, 1 A slow-blow T1A, 5×20 mm 10 1 F2 Inline fuse, 1.5 A slow-blow T1.5A, 5×20 mm 11 4 F3–F6 Inline fuse, 500 mA slow-blow T500mA, 5×20 mm 12 7 — Inline fuse holder, 5×20 mm WIRE-GAUGE / AMPACITY CH AWG A · max RUN 18 1.18 A / 24 % PSU→F_MAIN 22 0.40 A / 43 % F1→ESP 18* 0.78 A / 24 % F2→BUCK *upsized 18* 1.60 A / 32 % BUCK→COM splice 22 0.40 A / 43 % splice→CHn.COM 22 0.40 A / 43 % CHn.NO→driver 22 0.40 A / 43 % A_n.GND return 18 1.18 A / 24 % GND trunk star * §4.5 correction: upsize from 22 → 18 AWG on the high-current trunks FUSE MARGIN (§4.6) FUSE SIZE LOAD RATING MARGIN F_MAIN · T2A 5×20 mm 1.18 A 2.0 A 1.7× F1 · T1A 5×20 mm 0.40 A 1.0 A 2.5× F2 · T1.5A 5×20 mm 0.78 A 1.5 A 1.9× F3–F6 · T500mA 5×20 mm 0.40 A 0.50 A 1.25× All slow-blow. F3–F6 → T750 mA (1.9×) if nuisance-tripping. U1 · HARNESS (used) PIN NAME NET CH P1 VIN (12V) 12V_ESP 12V P2 GND GND GND CH1 COM (GPIO1) 5V_COM A1 CH1 NO SW_A1 A1 CH2 COM (GPIO2) 5V_COM A2 CH2 NO SW_A2 A2 CH3 COM (GPIO41) 5V_COM A3 CH3 NO SW_A3 A3 CH4 COM (GPIO42) 5V_COM A4 CH4 NO SW_A4 A4 U2 · BUCK HARNESS PIN NAME NET CH 1 VIN+ 12V_BUCK 12V 2 VIN− GND GND 3 VOUT+ (5.00 V) 5V_TRUNK 5V 4 VOUT− GND GND A_n · ATOMIZER DRV (A1 shown) PIN NAME NET CH 1 V+ SW_A1 CH1 2 GND GND GND 3 OUT+ PIEZO_1+ CH1 4 OUT− PIEZO_1− CH1 NOTES 1. Fuse topology: F_MAIN (T2A) protects all downstream; F1 (T1A) only the ESP/relay-coil sub-branch; F2 (T1.5A) only the buck input. Each atomizer is individually fused with T500 mA. If a channel nuisance-trips, swap that fuse for T750 mA. 2. 5 V relay COM: the four CHn.COM screw terminals are INDEPENDENT — not internally tied. Splice the buck 5 V output through a ferrule into four short pigtails, one per CH1.COM…CH4.COM. Do NOT assume one wire to the board is enough. 3. Buck pre-calibration: with F2 installed and the buck output DISCONNECTED from the COM bus, power up the PSU and adjust the trim pot until a DMM reads 5.00 V ± 0.05 V. Power down. Only then connect the COM bus. 4. RC snubbers (RC1–RC4) sit across each relay's COM ↔ NO terminal pair (4 total) to suppress contact arcing on switching. Standard 100 nF + 100 Ω modules. 5. GND topology: single star bus. 18 AWG trunk from PSU to a screw-terminal block; 22 AWG spurs from each atomizer driver and the buck converter return to that same block. A1–A4 returns merge on a right-side collector before the trunk. 6. EMI hygiene: piezo drivers run at 113 kHz. Keep atomizer feed runs short (< 30 cm) and twist each 5V+ / GND pair to minimize loop area and 2.4 GHz coupling. 7. WLED rule: Solid effects only on scent segments — never Strobe, Fire, or any flashing effect. Mechanical relays will not survive being switched at audio rates. 8. Global Relay setting: in WLED Config → Hardware, set Relay GPIO = −1 (unused) to prevent all four channels firing on power-up. REVISION HISTORY Rev 1.0 · 2026-05-14 — Initial release. From source: NaoDec Scent Controller – Electronics Build.md; includes corrected fuse topology (F_MAIN + F2 added) and 18 AWG upsize on buck-output and ESP sub-branch trunks.
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